Answers:
A.  Two hypotheses are 1) specific modes of interpreting positive and negative events are differentially depressogenic and result in lifestyles that accommodate either the positive or the negative perspective, and 2) there are neuroendocrine or neurobiological substrates associated with emotion-focused coping that increase the risk of depression through neurochemical changes or pathways
B.  (a) aggression resulted from the individual’s disposition (b) anger proneness was not significantly different in the two European samples, but was significantly higher among the Japanese and low­est among the Spanish (c) gender differences in aggression proneness were not significant in any of the samples; anger was higher among the males than among the females only in the Dutch sample
C.  Gordon's data provides evidence to suggest that the gender difference in depression, i.e. female youths were more likely to report feelings of depression, may be contributed to by differences in behaviors used to cope with feelings of anger, such as the female tendency to be more contemplative and the male to fight physically
D. Brief exposure to anger management may be insufficient since the data demonstrate that an eight week intervention program may be more successful in treating the situational aspects of anger expression than treating the underlying dispositions of anger expression.
E. According to Felitti's study, when people experienced four or more ACE they had a 4–24-fold increased risk of alcoholism, drug abuse, depression and suicide attempt; a 2–4-fold increased risk of smoking, of poor self-rated health, of having had more than 50 sexual partners, and of sexually transmitted disease; and a 1.5-fold increased risk of being physically inactive or having severe obesity.
F. External expression of anger was related to binge eating regardless of gender, but was associated with different facets of impulsivity for males and females.
G. John reacted by perpetuating his anger because he believed that no one understood or cared how he felt and he began to physically threaten staff.
H. There were no significant overall differences between cocaine, heroin, and marijuana patients on any of the anger scales.
I. These coercive restraints help to create a sense of helplessness and loss of control, which in turn can lead to increased levels of violence through its own violation.
J. Khantzian hypothesized that opiate addicts suffering from aggression are attracted to the drug for its anti-aggressive effects, while cocaine abusers suffering from depression seek to alleviate this feeling with the stimulating effects of the drug.
K. Control and restraint can no longer be defined as safe as it often results in harm; such as deconditioning, strangulation, combativeness, humiliation, anger and fear, and even death.
L. Mace's four anger expression styles are venting anger, suppressing anger, processing anger, and dissolving anger.